Choosing the Right Sunglasses: Protecting Your Eyes from UV Damage

As summer approaches, sunglasses are a must-have accessory. However, poor-quality sunglasses can actually do more harm than good. They may fail to block ultraviolet (UV) rays, leading to pupil dilation and increased exposure to UV light, which can damage the eyes and contribute to conditions like cataracts. Sunglasses are not just for style—they’re essential for eye protection.

UV Damage to the Eyes

While most people understand that UV rays can harm the skin, few realize that the eyes are also vulnerable. Chronic exposure to UV light can cause “chronic light damage” to the eyes, leading to conditions like cataracts and macular degeneration. In areas with high UV exposure, such as Tibet and Qinghai in China, the rates of these eye conditions are significantly higher, and they occur at younger ages.

Dangers of Low-Quality Sunglasses

Sunglasses with inadequate UV protection can be harmful because their dark lenses cause the pupils to dilate in low-light conditions, allowing more UV rays to enter the eyes. The main function of sunglasses is to block UV rays, not just improve vision. For effective protection, sunglasses should have high reflectivity and absorption rates to minimize UV exposure.

How to Choose Quality Sunglasses

To ensure proper UV protection, sunglasses should be made with lenses that filter out harmful UV rays. When buying sunglasses, check for a clear brand, manufacturer information, and UV protection labels. If possible, ask the store to test the UV index—ideally, it should exceed 96% for optimal protection.