The Truth About Sunglasses: How to Choose and Use Them Safely

Under the blazing sun, many people turn to sunglasses to shield their eyes from harsh glare. However, not all sunglasses are created equal. Improper selection and use of sunglasses can actually harm your eyes. Here’s what you need to know to make an informed choice and protect your vision.

Blue-Tinted Lenses Offer Poor UV Protection

The ability of sunglasses to block sunlight and protect against ultraviolet (UV) rays largely depends on the color and quality of the lenses. Dark gray and deep brown lenses are generally the best options for blocking UV rays, followed by black lenses. Blue-tinted lenses, on the other hand, offer poor UV protection as they allow more ultraviolet light to pass through.

It’s important to note that darker lenses aren’t always better. Overly dark sunglasses can reduce visibility and create a dim environment for your eyes. In such conditions, your pupils may dilate to let in more light, potentially increasing the risk of eye conditions such as glaucoma. Sunglasses should be worn primarily in bright sunlight. They are unnecessary on overcast days or indoors. Additionally, individuals who wear sunglasses regularly should schedule routine eye exams to detect and address potential eye problems early.

Inspect Lens Quality Before Buying

UV light is categorized into UVA, UVB, and UVC rays, with UVA and UVB being the primary culprits in causing harm to the eyes. High-quality sunglasses must meet certain standards to effectively block UV rays. Low-quality sunglasses, on the other hand, fail to provide adequate protection, leaving eyes vulnerable to conditions such as cataracts, photokeratitis, corneal damage, and macular degeneration.

Sunglasses vary widely in price, ranging from $20 to $200 or more, but higher cost doesn’t always guarantee better UV protection. When shopping for sunglasses, prioritize lens quality over price. Ensure the lenses are smooth, free of scratches or bubbles, and have no warping when viewed from different angles.

To test for distortions, hold the sunglasses 45 centimeters (approximately 18 inches) away from your eyes. Look through the lenses at straight vertical or horizontal lines, such as a window frame or door frame. Move the glasses back and forth. If the lines appear to bend or distort, the lenses may be deformed and are not suitable for purchase.

Children Under 6 Should Avoid Prolonged Use

To protect children’s eyes from excessive sunlight, sunglasses can be helpful, but they must be chosen and used carefully. Parents often buy sunglasses for their children without much thought, and while kids may enjoy wearing them, prolonged use can be harmful, especially for children under 6 years old.

At this age, visual development is still ongoing, and insufficient exposure to natural light can hinder the development of the macula, potentially leading to amblyopia (lazy eye). It is advisable to limit the use of sunglasses in children under 6 years old. For older children, avoid using overly dark sunglasses for extended periods to prevent adverse effects on vision.

By following these guidelines, you can ensure that your sunglasses provide the protection your eyes need while avoiding unintended harm. Choose wisely and use sunglasses appropriately to enjoy both style and safety under the sun.